The Internet of Behaviors, which maintains its pace with rapidly changing concepts in the age of digital transformation, actually takes its source from the Internet of Things. Data-oriented approaches that started with the Internet of Things (loT) in the early 2000s are gaining a new dimension with the Internet of Behaviors (loB). loT enabled us to communicate with the physical devices and other smart devices and transfer data. loB, on the other hand, stands out as a system that analyzes people’s behavior outside of their digital lives, i.e. their real lives, and converting it into data in digital environment.

Internet of Behaviors companies that use data can clearly understand the needs of consumers and offer them appropriate products and services. As a result, companies are able to have clear data in their hands, optimize operational processes and take clearer actions for the target audience.

The wide spreading of smart devices, wearable devices and digital platforms has created a vast data network. When these data points are combined and analyzed, valuable insights into individual and collective behavior are revealed.

Ethical Considerations and Confidentiality

With the rapid development of IoB, data privacy and ethical issues are becoming more and more of a concern. The widespread collection and use of personal data raises important questions such as consent, transparency and control. The balance between gaining insights from behavioral data and protecting individual privacy has become a critical issue for regulators, businesses and the society in general. To reduce such concerns, the organizations should take strong data protection measures, establish clear consent mechanisms and comply with international privacy laws. In addition, companies should create a culture of transparency that will allow the users to learn about how their data are collected, processed and used.

Application Areas of IoB

Digital Marketing, Advertising and Social Media

Marketing agencies and individual brands can personalize their ads by analyzing customers’ interactions with certain products. In this way, the users have the opportunity to see the products that interest them the most. For instance, if a sensor or wearable device detects that a person is spending more time at the gym, that person will start seeing more ads for related brands, such as protein supplements, gym trainers, or equipment. Similarly, when a person is constantly focusing on a specific muscle group, the wearable device will recommend them to work out other areas of their body as well.

Health

loB, which has a great potential in the healthcare sector as well, can help patients’ data to be tracked accurately and up-to-date with wearable health device applications and provide benefits in making the correct diagnosis.

Education and Learning

The use of IoB in education can reveal data about students’ learning habits and performance. Accordingly, it can be efficient in directing the education and having a more useful process.

Urban Planning and Transportation

IoB can be used in urban planning to provide improvements in areas such as traffic management, energy consumption and resource management. Smart cities can be even more sustainable and effective.

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The maker culture, which has become a worldwide phenomenon, combines technology and handwork and includes the individuals into the process of designing and producing their own projects. This culture encompasses a wide range of DIY (Do It Yourself) projects, from robotics to software, electronics to 3D printing. Maker culture brings a fresh air to conventional manufacturing processes, particularly by facilitating access to technology and encouraging the development of creative solutions.

Maker Electronics and Community

Maker electronics is a field where technology enthusiasts, students and hobbyists develop original projects using electronic circuits and programmable micro-controllers. This is also a learning and sharing process. The Maker community, on the other hand, includes millions of people around the world, and these people share their information and resources freely on internet and at various Maker exhibitions or events. The community aims to push technological boundaries by cooperating on issues such as innovation and problem solving.

The Impact and Size of the Maker Industry

The maker industry brings a new perspective to traditional manufacturing methods by providing personalized manufacturing and prototyping solutions. This dynamic movement offers rapid prototyping processes to a wide range of industries, including SMEs, R&D firms and technology companies, significantly shortening their product development times. In this way, small businesses can also quickly submit their innovations to the market in addition to large organizations. The Maker industry, which is expected to reach a market value of $93 billion by 2025, is challenging traditional industries and providing a continuous innovation and development environment by encouraging innovative thinking and entrepreneurship.

Maker electronics is a field where technology enthusiasts,
students and hobbyists develop original projects using
electronic circuits and programmable micro-controllers.

Boardoza – Özdisan appreciates the Maker movement’s

Contribution to technological innovation and creativity, and actively supports it. In line with this vision, Özdisan has established the Boardoza brand to meet the needs of the Maker community and help them turn their projects into reality. Our company encourages information sharing and cooperation within the community by providing high-quality and accessible electronic components, as well as adoptingthe principles of open source and cooperation.

Boardoza: Vizyon, Misyon ve Geleceğe Bakış

With its “All About Prototype” motto, Boardoza provides userfriendly and cost-effective solutions, enabling Makers and creative individuals to implement their projects easily and effectively. With its standardized boards and consistent connector structure, Boardoza fundamentally simplifies the prototyping process and liberalizes access to technology. Our innovative platform encourages creativity and innovation by making modern technologies accessible to everyone. At Özdisan, we are proud to be a part of this innovative movement and will continue to support the Maker community. Maker culture has the potential to create a more open and accessible future for everyone by pushing the boundaries of technological innovation. This culture is transforming not only technology but also the way we think and interact with the world. By taking on pioneering roles in this transformation, Boardoza and Özdisan contribute to making technology and innovation more accessible for everyone.

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Some cities are known for “[being] transformed into global locations” (Baluja, 2015), or, in other words, never playing themselves. For instance, Vancouver “has molded itself into every imaginable place from Seattle and India in Mission Impossible 4 to North Korea in The Interview” (Baluja, 2015). Like Vancouver, Toronto is another Canadian city famous for not playing itself. “[M]any hidden Toronto landmarks can be spotted amongst the supposed streets of New York” (Dooley, 2019), which even led visual artists like Dave Kemp to create an exhibition entitled !Toronto (2020) and filmmakers like Alexandra Anderson to make a documentary entitled Toronto Hides Itself (2019) to discuss Toronto’s hidden role in movies.

However, instead of hiding the qualities identifying with Toronto, the filmmaker Denis Villeneuve and the production designer Patrice Vermette affirm Toronto’s urban identity at the beginning of Enemy with the establishing shot. Villeneuve and Vermette immediately show viewers where the film takes place by giving CN Tower, one of the most famous places in Toronto and one of the most well-known towers in the world, a place. This way, they make “Toronto become a character in itself” (Ahi & Karaoghlanian, 2014) and force viewers to think about the city’s architecture. From beginning to end, Villeneuve and Vermette focus on Toronto’s urban identity through the modernist “concrete and steel architecture” (Gomez-Moriana, 2014). They choose not to show “[Toronto’s] premodern architecture, such as the vernacular Victorian rowhouses that [were] slowly disappearing in the (…) construction boom” (Gomez-Moriana, 2014). Thus, as Villeneuve articulates in one of his interviews, they lead viewers to have “a claustrophobic feeling” (Jagernauth, 2014), which “compound[s] the danger and (…) intrigue that may be present at any given moment” (Kench, 2018).

The Use of Spiders and the Pale Tones of Yellow

Villeneuve, Vermette, and the cinematographer Nicolas Bolduc’s representation of spiders subverts viewers’ expectations and emphasizes “the film’s oppressive aura” (Wyatt, 2014). While “spiders and spider imagery repeat throughout the film” (Donohue, 2021, p. 12), viewers are directed to explore “the problematic connections Enemy draws between spiders [and] motherhood” (Donohue, 2021, p. 12) and spiders, women, and dictators and dictatorships, starting with the opening sequence, which begins with Adam attending an erotic show in an underground club and watching a naked woman squishing a live little spider under her platform high heel. Afterward, viewers see Adam beginning his lecture on dictatorships in a college-level history class by suggesting, “Control. It’s all about control.” Moreover, right after Adam ends his lecture, viewers see him walking and passing by a wall containing a duplicated man with the Hitler salute.

For these reasons, it can be deduced that women evoke spiders and dictators for Adam. Since viewers encounter spiders or traces symbolizing spiders and illustrating dictators and dictatorships throughout the movie, it can also be inferred that those spiders represent Adam’s fears and dictators symbolize women controlling Adam and his life. Hence, it is safe to suggest that “the squashing of the spider symbolizes the squashing of the commitment to his relationship with others” (Das, 2021, p. 5). Later in the film, after the scene in which Adam has a conversation with his mother, viewers see a “long-legged spider hovering over the Toronto cityscape” (Donohue, 2021, p. 12). It “[establishes] the look of a hazy dream world” (Ahi & Karaoghlanian, 2014) and gives viewers a clue about “the warped reality in which [Adam] is trapped” (“What Exactly is Happening,” 2018). Additionally, as Villeneuve articulates in one of his interviews, the “long-legged spider (…) is an allusion to (…) Louise Bourgeois’s iconic sculpture Maman (1999)” (Donohue, 2021, p. 12). Since the word maman means “mother” in French, it is safe to suggest that the spider figure symbolizes Adam’s mother. While describing her intention to create Maman, Bourgeois identifies spiders as “[being] helpful and protective” (“Tate,” 2008) and adds that these characteristics remind her of her mother. Therefore, it can be deduced that Adam’s mother likes to bundle Adam up like a spider because of her protective and controlling nature.

Although the allusion to Louise Bourgeois’s Maman leads viewers knowledgeable about the sculpture to think positively at first, Villeneuve, Vermette, and Bolduc’s decision to use the pale tones of yellow and combine them with the smog help viewers recognize afterward that Adam’s mother’s protective and controlling nature causes Adam to feel trapped. Besides, since the pale tones of yellow dominate the film, it can be claimed that yellow is a color motif signifying Adam’s depressive, melancholic, and anxious personality.

Afterward, Villeneuve and the screenwriter Javier Gullón highlight the darker sides of Adam’s personality in the movie’s last scene. When Adam goes to his bedroom to check what Helen (his wife) is doing, he sees her being transformed into a giant spider. Helen’s transformation resembles the transformation of Gregor Samsa – the main character of Franz Kafka’s novel, The Metamorphosis (1915) – into a “monstrous vermin.” Nonetheless, Helen’s transformation emphasizes how Adam became alienated from himself due to his fears and women controlling his life. Adam’s desperate look signifies his realization that no one besides him is his enemy. However, he also recognizes that he is unimportant, worthless, and helpless to the people around him.

References
Ahi, M. J., & Karaoghlanian, A. (2014). Enemy (2013). Interiors.
https://www.intjournal.com/0914/enemy
Baluja, T. (2015, September 14). ‘Vancouver never plays itself’ montage showcases perennial problem. CBC News. https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/vancouver-never-plays-itself-montage-showcases-perennial-problem-1.3228278
Das, S. (2021). Film and psychoanalysis: A Freudian psychoanalytic reading of Denis
Villeneuve’s Enemy. Lapis Lazuli: An International Literary Journal, 11(1), 1-9. http://pintersociety.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/SD-42.pdf
Donohue, M. K. (2021). The paradox of Bazinian adaptation: Translation and fidelity in Saramago’s The Double and Villeneuve’s Enemy. Adaptation, 15(2), 1-16.
https://doi.org/10.1093/adaptation/apab017
Dooley, T. (2019, October 26). Toronto is sick and tired of not playing itself on-screen, so a new TIFF exhibition is helping it escape its disguised cinematic past. The Globe and Mail. https://www.theglobeandmail.com/arts/film/article-toronto-is-sick-and-tired-of-not-playing-itself-on-screen-so-a-new/
Gomez-Moriana, R. (2014, March 26). Generic no more: Toronto modernism in Denis Villeneuve’s ‘Enemy.’ Criticalista. https://criticalista.com/2014/03/26/generic-no-more-toronto-modernism-in-denis-villeneuves-enemy/
Jagernauth, K. (2014, March 20). Interview: Denis Villeneuve talks shooting Toronto for ‘Enemy,’ dipping into the subconscious & his next projects. IndieWire. https://www.indiewire.com/2014/03/interview-denis-villeneuve-talks-shooting-toronto-for-enemy-dipping-into-the-subconscious-his-next-projects-87930/
K at the Movies (2018, July 25). What exactly is happening in ‘Enemy?’ (debate/theory). https://katthemovies.wordpress.com/2018/07/25/what-exactly-is-happening-in-enemy-debate-theory/
Kench, S. (2018, September 19). How Denis Villeneuve created a constant sense of dread in his 2013 film ‘Enemy.’ Medium. https://brickwallpictures.medium.com/how-dennis-villeneuve-created-a-constant-sense-of-dread-in-2013-film-enemy-88494bfa2395
Tate. (2008, January 11). Tate acquires Louise Bourgeois’s giant spider, Maman.
https://www.tate.org.uk/press/press-releases/tate-acquires-louise-bourgeoiss-giant-spider-maman
Wyatt, A. (2014, April 27). Enemy. Gateway Cinephile. http://gatewaycinephile.com/blog/2014/4/20/enemy

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Many years ago, skiing, which people did in a primitive way with pieces of wood that they tied to their feet in order not to sink into the snow, has become one of the indispensable activities of the winter season. Choosing the right materials and appropriate equipment is very important in skiing, which has even a federation. The adrenaline and feel of freedom that accompany you at the peaks makes this extraordinary sport even more attractive. From the age of 5, anyone can try skiing, which contributes to the development of balance coordination in the body. Of course, it takes serious expertise to ski on snowflakes that have not been stepped on yet, or on the points covered with pure white snow. Let’s take a look at some of the versions of this enjoyable sport together.

The adrenaline and feel of freedom that accompany you at the peaks makes this extraordinary sport even more attractive.

Versions of Skiing That Will Make You Feel Adrenaline All The Way to Your Bones

Snowboarding: Snowboarding, popular with aesthetic movements on ice, is quite common especially among young people. Moreover, you don’t need to have skied before to try snowboarding. You can add excitement to winter season with this fun activity on a board ranging from 140 to 165 cm in length and 24 cm to 27 cm in width.
Alpine Skiing: The main goal is to reach the finish line by quickly passing through the poles called “gates” down the exit line. Olympic winter sports include this version since the Winter Olympic Games held in the Chamonix ski resort in France in 1924. The board sizes and materials vary according to the type of competition and the technical level.

Biathlon: Biathlon, which we can be described as “cross shooting and skiing” is also an Olympic winter sport. You can compete individually or in teams in this sport, where you earn points by shooting at predetermined targets on tracks.
Slalom: Imagine that you are passing from right to left through various flags and making your way down the finish line. In slalom discipline, which turns into a fun journey on a course with tight turns, you need to be able to pass through the gaps between the flags without making mistakes.
Ski Running: Ski running, which is the least dangerous discipline among ski sports, was actually an activity that initially emerged as a means of entertainment and transportation in the Scandinavian countries. It is now a race with skis on flat or slope tracks.
Ski Jumping: Ski jumping is also a sport that Northern countries have added to our lives. Since it is a branch full of adrenaline, it is very important to be able to use the ability of feelings and stay balanced. Sliding down the ramps at various distances, you should jump to the furthest point and land in a balanced way to the furthest point possible.

As in all extreme sports, it is vital to take basic precautions in skiing.

So, What Should I Pay Attention to When Skiing?

The unfortunate accident suffered by the legendary F1 pilot Michael Schumacher while skiing has brought safety measures back on the agenda in this sport. As in all extreme sports, it is vital to take basic precautions in skiing.



• Warm up your muscles by doing various body exercises.
• Do not consume fatty foods before you start skating. Choose a lighter menu that will meet your energy needs.
• Breathe through your nose to prevent dry mouth and throat.
• Obtain dark glasses that filter out ultraviolet light. Note that snow would reflect the sun’s rays.
• Choose the ski equipment taking into account your body weight. Choose clothes that will not interfere with your movements.
• Pay attention to the warning signs on the tracks or runways.

Important Ski Resorts in Türkiye

Bursa – Uludag, Erzurum – Palandoken, Bolu – Kartalkaya, Kayseri – Erciyes, Bingol – Yolcati, Bolu – Esentepe, Kars – Sarikamis, Elazig – Hazarbaba, Erzincan – Bolkar, Kastamonu – Ilgaz, Gumushane – Zigana, Isparta – Davraz, Izmir – Bozdag, Kartepe, Ankara – Elmadag.

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Quantum mechanics is a science branch dealing with how nature works at the most basic level. Quantum cryptography, on the other hand, uses these interesting physical rules to protect information.

Quantum key distribution (QKD) is one of the most well-known methods in this field, but by creating and using a random key between two parties you can encrypt the transmitted information. One of the advantages of this method is that if any sniffer tries to interfere with the key this can be detected automatically. Quantum technology has the potential to revolutionize not only security but also many fields from data processing to communication. The advantages of this new technology open the path to faster, safer and more efficient systems in today’s world.

Quantum technology has the potential to revolutionize not only security but
also many areas from data processing to communication.

The Advantage of the Mysterious Quantum World:

Absolute Security
Quantum cryptography uses several attributes of quantum mechanics. Thanks to these attributes, when a cryptographic key is tried to be sniffed this is detected automatically. So, the quantum cryptography is not only secure but also able to detect all kinds of theft attempts.

Future Ready
Quantum computers will run much faster than today’s computers. This speed has the potential to weaken many security protocols. But since the quantum cryptography is resilient to the speed of quantum computers there will be no security problems with the development of quantum computers.
Flexibility
Since the quantum cryptographic systems are compatible with existing technologies it’s quite easy to add these new quantum security systems to our existing communication systems, and this means that a high level of security can be achieved in an affordable and practical way.
Quantum Security in Depth
The functioning of modern society requires rapid and secure transmission of large amount of data and information. However, with the increase in cyber threats, ensuring the security of this information has now become more critical than ever. In this context, quantum cryptography offers a revolutionary security solution for communication networks.

The potential of quantum cryptography is not only theoretical. There is a growing interest in this technology in
many fields such as banking, healthcare, government communications and private sector.

Quantum Entanglement and Superposition
Thanks to “entanglement” (or intrication), one of the basic attributes of quantum mechanics, a connection can be established between two quantum particles. Even when these particles are moved away from each other, the state of the other also changes instantly when the state of one changes. Superposition means that a quantum particle can be in multiple states at once. These two attributes form the basis for the creation and transfer of the key in quantum cryptography.
High Level of Privacy
In traditional cryptography it is difficult to detect whether a key is being sniffed or not, while quantum cryptography uses the basic attributes of quantum mechanics to determine whether the key is being sniffed. If a key is being sniffed the state of the quantum particles changes, and this change is considered a warning that the key is being sniffed. This allows quantumcryptography to offer a much higher level of security than traditional methods.
Areas of Adaptation and Application
The potential of quantum cryptography is not only theoretical and there is an increasing demand for this technology in many fields such as banking, healthcare, government communications and private sector. Particularly in international communication, quantum cryptography offers an extra layer of protection for governments against espionage and infiltration attempts, which can be of critical importance in terms of national security. It seems that quantum cryptography will play a big role in the future of cyber security. This technology, with its theoretical and practical fields of application, can radically change the methods of protecting modern communication networks. With that being said, the necessary infrastructure, training and implementation methods should be developed correctly in order to make use of such advantages of quantum cryptography.

Considering this high level of technology, we need continuous research, training and innovation to make the most of the opportunities that quantum cryptography offers. However, the unique security advantages offered by quantum cryptography may overcome some of the challenges faced by traditional cryptography. Particularly with the rise of quantum computers there is a concern that traditional encryption methods may be breakable, while quantum cryptography can form an effective shield against this threat.

Quantum cryptography uses some of the attributes of quantum mechanics.
Thanks to these attributes, when a cryptographic key is tried to be sniffed to this is automatically detected.

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Today, electricity seeps into every corner of our life and almost keeps the pulse of our modern life. Thanks to this man, our houses are now comfortable shelters, our computers are endless sources of
information, and our phones are the means to stay connected with the world. However, this impressive journey of electricity is the fruit of many other scientists as well. Alessandro Volta, one of these revolutionary figures, offered us one of the keys that opened the doors of our electrically powered world. Without Volta’s contributions our technological advances might not have been so rapid and impressive. Thanks to him, we have gained access to the unlimited potential of electricity, which illuminates not only our physical world but also our imaginary world. Italian physicist Alessandro Volta was born on February 18, 1745. His interest in science began at young ages and he has made many discoveries throughout his career. However, his greatest contribution to our society was the invention of the first chemicalbattery electric cell, i.e. the “Volta battery” in 1800. This invention opened a door for experimental studies as well as practical applications of electricity. Volta’s invention was actually the fruit of a competition. At that time, Luigi Galvani’s works on “animal electricity” was being followed with great interest in scientific circles. Galvani had observed that an electrical reaction occurs when a frog comes into contact with metal using its legs. Volta, on the other hand, believed that this phenomenon was not caused by animal tissues, but by the metal itself. To support his theory, he invented the first battery that generates an electric current by combining different metals together. This battery consisted of a series of metal discs (copper and zinc), which are known today as the ‘Voltaic Pile’. This simple structure, consisting of papers soaked in salty water and different metals, was the ancestor of modern electricity.

Alessandro Volta was not only a scientist,
but also an artist, and electricity was his magical palette.

This innovative invention of Volta has been very popular among the scientific world at the beginning of the 19th century. An “unknown face” of electricity had appeared thanks to this Italian genius. His discovery allowed many experimental studies on electromagnetism to be carried out. It also paved the way for the idea of converting electrical energy into chemical energy, which has become the basis
of modern batteries and energy storage technologies. However, Volta’s contributions were not limited to this invention alone. The ‘volt’ unit, which we use to measure the electric potential today, is named after him. He also made the first ”capacitance” measurement and studied the conductivity properties of gases. Scientists who followed his path laid the foundations of modern electricity using Volta’s basic studies. His legacy to science world is available in every electrical device we see today. We can find traces of Volta in every light bulb, every charge, and every electric spark. This great scientist passed away in 1827, but his legacy continues to live on not only in physics books, but also in every second of our daily lives. Alessandro Volta was not only a scientist, but also an artist, and electricity was his magical palette. His story is not only the story of an invention, but also of the determination to push the limits of the human spirit and this story continues in each of us, every day, every moment.

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Famous for being the culture center of Europe, Berlin fascinates its visitors with unique museums, avenues and historical buildings. As many people know, Berlin is also remembered with the hard hits taken in two World Wars and thus reflects the memories of the past on the structures in the city. The wooded silhoutte, fresh air and large parks of the city attract visitors from all over the world. So, we noted down the lions of Berlin for you to see.

Brandenburg Gate

Being one of the most important symbols of the city, Brandenburg Gate was built in 1788-1791 upon the desire of Prussia King Friedrich Wilhelm the Three to construct a spectacular gate. This gate is famous for being one of the most beautiful samples of neoclassical architecture and stands out as a frequent destination for tourists. In 1793, a cart pulled by four horses and Victoria, the Goddess of Triumph, as the driver of the cart were added to Brandenburg Gate, which was built based on the splendid entrance gate of Acropolis in Athens.

Germany’s Parliament

Another must-see during your Berlin tour is Germany’s Parliament, Reichstag, which is very close to Brandenburg Gate. Catching the attention with its glass dome, this building was designed by Architect Paul Wallot, who won the competititon for parliemantry building in 1882.

Alexanderplatz

Alexanderplatz, the biggest square of Germany, is around River Spree and Berlin’s Cathedral (Berliner’s Dom). Being shortly named as “Alex” by Berliners, this square is a meeting point for city residents besides being a tourist attraction. Having gained importance for being home to the greatest protest in the history of Germany, this square’s name comes from Russia Tsar Alexander the First.

Berlin’s Cathedral

It would not be a mistake to say that Berlin Cathedral, one of the splendid symbols of the city, was born three times. The cathedral was built in 1700s with a baroque style but it was destructed in 1894 and rebuilt in 1905 with a neo-baroque style upon the demand of Wilhelm the Second. Berlin Cathedral was smashed up during the Second World War and it was restored in 1981 taking its final form.

Berliner Dom took its final form after the restoration in 1981.

Museum Island

Being known for preserving its historical and cultural values, Berlin has another tourist attraction called Museum Island, which comprises of five museums. The Museum Island, a small island on River Spree, contains five different museums designed by different architects. In addition to bringing architectural innovation to museum studies, the Island attracts attention of many visitors.

East Side Gallery

East Side Gallery, international freedom monument of Berlin, has 105 paintings by the artists from all over the world. In 1989, Berlin Wall, which divides Berlin into two parts as East Berlin and West Berlin, was demolished. However, Berliners decided to preserve certain parts of the wall in order not to forget about what this Wall did to their city. The remnant of the Wall, extending for 1.3 kms along River Spree, is now an open-air gallery, which functions as the bridge between past and present.

East Side Gallery, international freedom monument,
has 105 paintings by the artists from all over the world.

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Ecole St. Pierre Hotel has opened its doors to offer a unique experience from history in Galata, a place that has existed since ancient times and hosted important civilizations and stories in world history! Ecole St. Pierre Hotel blends historical inspiration with a modern perspective, offering its guests an unforgettable accommodation experience.

Ecole St. Pierre Hotel, which has witnessed all of history in the heart of Istanbul and offers its guests a sophisticated accommodation experience with a stylish atmosphere and approach to elegance, has begun its services. The building, which also hosted a French school in the 19th century, is located in the middle of the unique atmosphere of history and bears all the traces of Galata throughout its existence, from its courtyard to its rooms or from its restaurant to its neighboring buildings. Taking its guests on a magical journey, Ecole St. Pierre Hotel promises them an accommodation experience that is both isolated and safe with its location in the heart of the city. Ecole St. Pierre Hotel building carries all the memories and textures of the period when it hosted the historic French school, the Colleges des Freres St. Pierre, to the present day. It also preserves the remains of the city walls built by the Genoese in 443, offering unforgettable service in a captivating atmosphere with its neoclassical and neo-baroque details.

Ecole St. Pierre Hotel not only provides its guests with a magical experience but also brings the history together with the present from a modern point of view, and offers services with a luxurious accommodation and service concept. With its boutique-luxury concept, the hotel comes to life with its 17 room capacity, ranging from suites of 20 to 60 square meters, with courtyard views and large terraces. The large and spacious rooms, making you feel the history of Galata, feature small details designed to offer any kind of comfort for guests. IL Cortile Ristorante Pizzeria is serving ambitious Italian delicacies in the courtyard and inside the historic building. Bringing the classic flavors of Italian cuisine to the table with great care and freshness, IL Cortile Istanbul offers a satisfying service in every sense with its extensive menu and beautiful presentations, promising its guests pleasant moments.

Located at the heart of Istanbul and having witnessed many civilizations, the Ecole St. Pierre Hotel offers an unprecedented accommodation experience to Galata with its blend of history and culture, as well as its artistic and gastronomic experiences. With its location, Ecole St. Pierre Hotel Galata perfectly reflects its mystical, eccentric, bohemian and artistic spirit to its guests, with its unique view of the Galata Tower from its terrace suite, the exhibitions and cultural activities around it, and the Italian-inspired IL Cortile Istanbul in its courtyard. The hotel’s designers, Kitchen-ist, reconsidered the room planning and layout in line with the concept they created without disturbing the historical structure.

Whispering stories from history into your ears as you wander through its corridors, courtyard and rooms, Ecole St. Pierre Hotel offers much more than a hotel with its view, location, atmosphere, scent and experiences. Promising to offer its guests an accommodation experience with unparalleled hospitality and meticulously thought-out details while sharing a room with history, Ecole St. Pierre Hotel eagerly awaits all its guests.

Koridorlarında, avlusunda, odalarında gezindikçe kulaklara tarihten hikayeler fısıldayan Ecole St. Pierre Hotel manzarası, lokasyonu, havası, kokusu ve yaşanmışlıklarıyla bir otelden çok daha fazlasını sunuyor. Misafirlerine tarihle aynı odayı paylaşırken, eşi benzeri görüşmemiş misafirperverliği ve ince düşünülmüş detayları ile konaklama deneyimi yaşatacağının sözünü veren Ecole St. Pierre Hotel heyecanla tüm konuklarını bekliyor.

Ecole St. Pierre Hotel offers an unprecedented accommodation experience to Galata with its blend of history and culture, as well as its artistic and gastronomic experiences.

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Breakwater (1962)

Jean-Luc Godard, François Truffaut, Eric Rohmer, Claude Chabrol and Jacques Rivette are the names that come to many people’s minds when they talk about the French New Wave. However, apart from these names who wrote film reviews in Cahiers du Cinéma magazine in the 1950s, Chris Marker is one of the directors who influenced this trend in different ways. Among around seventy films that Marker, who was also a photographer, directed throughout his career, Breakwater (1962) is the product of a genius work that can still be considered innovative today. Depicting the story of a bunch of people living underground in Paris, which was devastated by World War III, the movie tells the story of a man with vivid pre-war childhood memories who travels back in time and confronts an event from his childhood that he cannot forget. The Breakwater, which entirely consists of photographs and external audio narration, rejects the aesthetic judgments that exist about cinema. However, in order to show how cinema is intertwined with the art of photography (contrary to what is claimed), it creates “cinematic moments” (Film Lovers, 2019) through photographs and enables the re-opening of some of the stereotypical ideas about the art of cinema to discussion. For this reason, Breakwater is considered one of the most original works in the history of cinema and is also considered one of the pioneers of the science fiction genre.

Koyaanisqatsi (1982)

Unsure of how to use the $40,000 budget left over from a media campaign in the early 1970s, Godfrey Reggio, at the insistence of his friend Ron Fricke, allocated the money for a film production and began filming with Fricke in St. Louis, Missouri, in 1975 to produce a one-hour film without a script. Koyaanisqatsi, which was completed in seven years including the post-production process, turned into a classic shortly after its release and inspired many filmmakers from Christopher Nolan to the Wachowski Brothers, or David Fincher to Andrey Zvyagintsev. The film, consisting of a combination of images and music without any narrator, reveals the contradictions between nature and modern life, while also questioning the meaning of life. However, while photographing the injustice and inequality in the world, it also emphasizes that human life has spiraled out of control as a result of the fact that technology is involved in our lives more intensively than it should be, and calls on people to get rid of the illusion they are in. With the fascinating cinematography by Ron Fricke and the magnificent music by Philip Glass, Koyaanisqatsi can be considered an example of ‘pure cinema’. However, one of the main reasons behind the fact that the film is so aesthetically satisfying is that it functions as a “mirror held up to the face of humanity” (eg, 2009). In addition, although it has been almost 40 years since the gala of the movie, the fact that Philip Glass is performing the musics of the movie live in different countries is actually a proof of how the movie has become a cult work over time.

The Gap (2009)

Movie critic James Quandt, while listing the movies of French directors that could be described as ‘aggressive’ in the early 21st century, defined the films in his collection under the title of ‘New French Extremism’ (Calisir, 2016). Over the years, some directors have become identified with this trend. Among the names that first come to mind are François Ozon, Catherine Breillat and Bruno Dumont. However, since the definition of New French Extremism was made by Quandt, the director most associated with this trend has been Gaspar Noé. Noé became the pioneer of this trend with the movie “Alone Against Everyone” (1998), and signed the most controversial film of the Cannes Film Festival ever with the film “No Return” (2002). It is said that during the rape scene in the movie, more than 250 people left the theater where the movie was shown, and some even sought medical attention after leaving the theater (Altuntas, 2017). On the other hand, the movie Emptiness (2009), which is as controversial as the movies “Alone Against Everyone” and “No Return”, was applauded for exactly 15 minutes after its gala at Cannes Film Festival (Usumi, 2018). The film, which Noé describes as a ‘psychedelic melodrama’, tells about “the situations in which the human soul will be in until the moment when it will be reborn from death and the states of consciousness it will undergo during this time” (Usumi, 2018). With its dazzling opening credits, extraordinary subject, captivating visuals and Benoit Debie’s unique cinematography, The Void is not only a director’s most successful work to date, but also shows us that Gaspar Noé is the most original director of the 21st century.

Meshes of the Afternoon (1943)

Eleanora Derenkowsky, also known as Maya Deren, who was born in Kiev in 1917 and emigrated to the US with her family when she was five years old, was an intellectual who worked as a choreographer, dancer, film theorist, poet, lecturer, writer and photographer throughout her life, as well as her identity as a filmmaker. Influenced by movie makers such as Georges Méliès (Haslem, 2002) and Jean Cocteau, as well as painters such as Marcel Duchamp (Keller, 2014), Deren has inspired many movie makers over the years, such as David Lynch, Stan Brakhage and Ingmar Bergman (Simsek, 2020). In his work Visionary Film: The American Avant-Garde, 1943-2000 (2002), cinema historian P. Adams Sitney identifies 1943 as the year in which American Avant-Garde Cinema was born and devotes the first chapter of the book to Maya Deren’s movie “Meshes of the Afternoon” (1943) (Sitney, 2002). What makes this movie, which she directed with her then-husband Alexander Hammid, so different is that it depicts a world in an unusual style where it is increasingly difficult to capture reality through creative editing, different camera angles and slow motion (Piper, 2014). “Meshes of the Afternoon”, which reminds of Luis Bunuel’s movie “An Andalusian Dog” (1929) with its style, does not have a clear subject like Bunuel’s movie in the same way. The movie, which tells the story of a woman’s “inner world” through objects such as knives, telephones and doors, is a unique masterpiece that pushes the boundaries between reality and fantasy (Fikriyat, 2019).

Waking Up to Life (2001)

Richard Linklater, who made his name with the movies “Numb” (1990) and “Young and Excited” (1993), became famous with the movies “Before Sunrise” (1995), “Before Sunset” (2004) and “Before Midnight” (2013), which constitute the ‘Before’ trilogy and were shot nine years apart, and with “Childhood” (2014), which tells the story of a child’s experiences from age 5 to 18, which he shot over 12 years. However, Linklater, who can easily be considered one of the most creative directors of recent times, has a subject as creative as the ‘Before’ trilogy and the movie “Childhood”, and for some reason, his movie “Waking Up to Life” (2001) has not been talked about as much as his other movies. However, the number of people who think that “Waking Up to Life” is one of Linklater’s best movies should not be underestimated. Although it was initially shot with a digital camera, Waking Up to Life was later turned into an animated film using the rotoscope technique. The movie “Waking Up to Life”, which can be said to deserve great praise even for this reason alone, is also an extraordinary work that “explores subjects such as the nature of reality, dreams, consciousness, the meaning of life, free will and existentialism” (Yilmaz, 2020).

Countless short, medium and feature films have been produced in the 125-year history of cinema. Some films have been forgotten over time, while some films have reached the cult level over the years.

References

Altuntaş, M. (2017, Mayıs). Cannes Film Festivali tarihinde 8 büyük olay. Bant Mag.: https://bantmag.com/dergi/no-57/ cannes-film-festivali-tarihinde-8-buyukolay/

Çalışır, G. (2016, Şubat 19). Yeni Fransız Aşırılığı. Filmloverss: https://filmloverss.com/yeni-fransizasiriligi/

eg. (2009, Mayıs 9). Qatsi Üçlemesi’nden İnsanlığa Tutulan Ayna. Derin Düşünce: https://www.derindusunce. org/2009/05/09/qatsi-uclemesindeninsanliga-tutulan-ayna/

Fikriyat. (2019, Ocak 28). Şiiri Sinemanın Merkezine Yerleştiren Filmler. Fikriyat:https://www.fikriyat.com/galeri/sinema/siiri-sinemanin-merkezine-yerlestirenfilmler

Filmloverss. (2019, Temmuz 29). Sinemayla Hafıza Yaratmak: Chris Marker. Filmloverss: https://filmloverss.com/sinemayla-hafiza-yaratmak-chrismarker/

Haslem, W. (2002, Aralık). Deren, Maya. Senses of Cinema: https://www.sensesofcinema.com/2002/greatdirectors/deren-2/

Keller, S. (2014). Maya Deren: Incomplete Control. New York: Columbia University
Press. Mekas, J. (2008, Nisan). Jonas Mekas’tan Sinemanın 100 Yılı Karşıtı Manifesto.
http://manifesto-manifesto.blogspot.com/2008/04/jonas-mekastan-sinemann-100-yl-kart.html

Piper, J. (2014). The Film Appreciation Book: The Film Course You Always Wanted to Take. New York: Allworth Press. Şimşek, A. (2020, Haziran 19). Deneysel Sinemada Yeni Bir Çağ: Maya Deren.
Görüntü Dergi: https://www.goruntudergi.com/post/deneysel-sinemada-yeni-bircag-maya-deren

Sitney, P. A. (2002). Visionary Film : The American Avant-Garde, 1943-2000. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Usumi, E. (2018, Aralık 24). Enter the Void Hakkında Mutlaka Bilinmesi Gereken 15 Detay. Filmloverss: https://filmloverss.com/enter-the-void-hakkinda-mutlakabilmeniz-gereken-15-detay/

Yılmaz, C. (2020, Temmuz 18). Sizi pozitif şekilde etkileyecek 15 film. Tekmoloji:https://tekmoloji.com/sizi-pozitif-sekildeetkileyecek-15-film-3597/

5 Creative Experimental Films yazısı ilk önce Component By Özdisan üzerinde ortaya çıktı.

Serbian physicist, engineer and inventor Nikola Tesla was an important scientist, known for designing the alternating current (AC) electrical system, the dominant electrical system used in the world today. He managed to impress scientists with his unique ideas, which he put forward as a talent far beyond his era. He has passed through both success and difficulties in his life, and finally completed the rest of his life in a small hotel room in New York. Let’s take a look at the amazing life story of Nicola Tesla together.

We can’t even imagine a world without electricity. Today, there are many genius names behind the electrical system that provides us with benefits and comfort in every aspect of our life. Many scientists such as Ampere, Maxwell, Lenz, Ohm, Herz and Volta have made great discoveries on electric and magnetic fields, conduction of electricity etc. But for Nikola Tesla, we can call him the pioneer of this field.

Nikola Tesla, born in 1856, had a strong memory. He did not forget anything he had seen, heard, or read. It is said that the inventor got his intelligence and memory from his mother, since his mother was a woman who could invent even small household appliances to facilitate household works. His father, on the other hand, had an intellectual personality and led Tesla to develop a different mental practice in this direction. Even as a child, Nicola Tesla could memorize all the books he read and did not forget logarithmic tables. He learned languages easily and could work for days and nights with only a few hours of sleep.

His success in school and his interest in experimenting with mechanical devices also shaped Tesla’s education. With the support of his mother, young Tesla began studying Electrical Engineering at the Graz Polytechnic Institute in Austria. While Tesla was still a student, he began to think about the possibilities of alternating current (AC) electricity. In the future, he would do revolutionary work in this field.

After spending 3 years at the Graz Polytechnic Institute, Tesla stopped attending classes and began to chart his own path. He first went to Prague and did various studies at Karl-Ferdinand University for about 1 year. After that, he moved to Budapest, where he took part in various projects of the Continental Edison Company. He spent some time in Paris and Strasbourg for this company. Tesla went to New York in 1884 and helped develop and design many new inventions such as the arc lighting most common in street lamps. After a very difficult period here, he returned to AC experiments by founding the Tesla Electric Company. One of the greatest contributions of Nicola Tesla to modern electrical systems was electrical energy, which is characterized as alternating current or simply “AC”. Nicola Tesla argued that AC is much more efficient and less costly than the more common direct current (DC) electricity. Thanks to the works he has done in this field, he has also managed to get a large number of patents in 2 years. Tesla met with Western Union representative Alfred Brown and New York lawyer Charles Peck to obtain financial support. With this support, Tesla has managed to develop an induction motor powered by alternating current (AC). This revolutionary engine, unlike similar engines of that era, did not require constant maintenance and service.

Groundbreaking innovations such as wireless power electrical coils, radio remote control, and even x-ray technology, including the AC electrical power distribution system, have all Tesla’s signature on them.

This success has attracted George Westinghouse, an entrepreneur and an engineer. Westinghouse wanted Tesla’s sustainable motors to help develop the AC power distribution system. Tesla and Westinghouse have signed a licensing agreement that gives Westinghouse the rights to the AC generator and induction motor for stock and royalties. He was then hired by Westinghouse as a full-time consultant at Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing, Pittsburgh. Tesla’s work was exhibited at the Columbian Exposition in Chicago in 1893, and he collaborated with George Westinghouse to sponsor “The Illuminated City,” showcasing the impact electric lighting would have on the world.

Tesla’s unrealized dream was to bring free and wireless electrical power to the world.

This idea consisted of constructing a huge tower that would create a huge magnetic field that would surround the earth and capture electrical energy that would be used in homes and workplaces with an “antenna”. This, of course, was technologically impossible then.

Considering the superiority of Tesla’s inventions, he has faced attacks several times. However, this did not leave him without designing electrical devices that will contribute to the development and prosperity of humanity. Tesla went on to create groundbreaking innovations and inventions such as wireless power electrical coils, radio remote control, and even x-ray technology. Many of Tesla’s inventions are still in popular use today, including the AC electric power distribution system, which is the standard for electricity distribution.
In 1916, the American Institute of Electrical Engineers (AIEE) awarded Tesla the “Edison Medal”. However, Tesla, who experienced financial difficulties, especially after his first patents expired, spent rest of his life alone in a hotel room in New York until he died in 1943.

Nicola Tesla: The Extraordinary Inventor of the Science World yazısı ilk önce Component By Özdisan üzerinde ortaya çıktı.